From the Archives

Articles

Deep dives into Christian heresies, church councils, and the messy history of orthodoxy.

history

The 20 Years When Orthodox Christianity Was Heretical

The belief most Christians consider fundamental — the Trinity — was officially heretical across the Roman Empire for two decades. Here's how it happened.

history

The Council of Rimini: When 400 Bishops Were Bullied Into Heresy

In 359 AD, over 400 bishops arrived at Rimini ready to affirm the Nicene Creed. They left having signed its condemnation. Here's how imperial coercion overrode theological conviction.

explainer

What Is Arianism? A Simple Explanation

Arianism is the most famous heresy in Christian history — but what did Arius actually believe, and why did it matter so much? A plain-English guide to the controversy that defined Christianity.

explainer

Every Way to Be Wrong About the Trinity (And Why You Probably Are)

Modalism, tritheism, subordinationism, Arianism — there are at least six ways to get the Trinity wrong according to church councils. Here's your complete guide to Trinitarian heresy.

controversy

Is Universalism a Heresy?

Will everyone eventually be saved? The church's answer is more complicated than you think. From Origen to Rob Bell, the long and contested history of Christian universalism.

explainer

The Nicene Creed: What It Actually Says and Why It Matters

Every line of the Nicene Creed was designed to exclude a specific heresy. Here's what each phrase actually means — and the centuries of controversy behind the words Christians recite every Sunday.

explainer

Why Are There So Many Christian Denominations?

There are over 40,000 Christian denominations worldwide. Every split happened because one group considered another's beliefs unacceptable. Here's how heresy made the church what it is.

history

What Did Early Christians Actually Believe?

Before the creeds, before the councils, before 'orthodoxy' existed — what did the earliest Christians actually believe about Jesus, God, and salvation? The answer is more diverse than you've been told.